ABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze the factors influencing the occurrence of preterm birth among single live birth neonates in Xi'an so as to provide theoretical basis for the prevention of premature infants. Methods: From July to December 2013, a questionnaire survey was conducted among the childbearing aged women, selected through multistage stratified random sampling method in Xi'an from 2010 to 2013. All of the childbearing aged women under study had definite pregnancy outcomes. The Logistic regression model was adopted to analyze the influencing factors of premature infants. Results: The incidence of preterm birth among single live birth neonates in the last pregnancy in Xi'an was 2.81%. From 2010 to 2013, the incidence of preterm birth was 3.51%, 3.13%, 3.18% and 2.21%, respectively, without significant difference (P=0.248). The incidence of premature delivery in Baqiao District, Beilin District, Lianhu District, Xincheng District, and Yanta District was 3.10%, 2.41%, 2.14%, 3.70% and 2.64%, respectively. There was no significant difference (P=0.259). The incidence of premature delivery in urban residents and rural residents was 2.96% and 2.69%, respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.581). Logistic regression results showed that the occupation as workers [OR=4.06, 95% CI (1.69,9.75)], the history of abnormal pregnancy and delivery [OR=10.68, 95% CI (6.92,16.48)], occupational exposure to risk factors [OR=1.96, 95% CI (1.08,3.57)], drinking [OR=6.31, 95% CI(1.21, 32.99)], radiological examination [OR=6.13, 95% CI (1.64,22.85)], PIH [OR=4.80, 95% CI(2.17, 10.61)], and having disease[OR=0.64, 95% CI (0.43,0.95)] during periconception were the influencing factors of premature infants. Conclusion: The incidence of premature infants in Xi'an from 2010 to 2013 was lower than the national average. Factors such as occupation as workers, the history of abnormal pregnancy and delivery, occupational exposure to risk factors, drinking, radiological examination and PIH during periconception can increase the risk of preterm birth.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To explore the association between the frequency of prenatal care in childbearing aged women and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) among neonatal twins in Shaanxi Province.@*Methods@#From July to December 2013, a total of 30 027 childbearing aged women, who were pregnant from January 2010 to November 2013 and had definite outcomes, were selected from 30 districts (counties) of Shaanxi Province by using the multi-stage random sampling method. The questionnaires with a face-to-face survey method were used to retrospectively collect demographic information, pregnancy history, lifestyle during pregnancy, disease history, nutritional supplements, and health care during pregnancy. Information on the gestational age and birth weight of the newborn were obtained by consulting the medical certificate of birth and were registered as twin A and twin B by birth order. Finally, 356 childbearing aged women and their twin babies with complete data were included in the analysis. A generalized estimation equation model was used to analyze the association between the frequency of prenatal care and the risk of SGA among neonatal twins.@*Results@#The age of childbearing aged women was (27.44±4.68) years old, of which 79.49% (283 women) were rural residents and 44.38% (158 women) had seven or more times prenatal care. The gestational age and birth weight were (37.64±2.51) weeks and (2 510±497) g, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 51.40% (183/356) for twin A and 53.37% (190/356) for twin B, respectively. The prevalence of SGA was 44.30% (70/158) for twin A with seven or more times prenatal care and 42.41% (67/158) for twin B with seven or more times prenatal care, which was lower than that for twins with less than seven times prenatal care, respectively [57.07% (113/198) and 62.12% (123/198)] (P values were 0.017 and <0.001). The results of generalized estimation equation model suggested that compared to those with less than seven times prenatal care, after adjusting for parity, birth order, place of residence, maternal age, occupation, education, family wealth index, passive smoking, pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome, folic acid, and iron supplement during perinatal period, and gender of the newborn, the OR (95%CI) of risk of SGA among childbearing aged women with seven or more times prenatal care was 0.60 (0.40-0.91).@*Conclusion@#Seven or more times prenatal care could reduce the risk of SGA among neonatal twins in Shanxi Province.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the relationship between maternal disease in early pregnancy of women of childbearing age and congenital heart disease of neonates.@*Methods@#A cross-sectional design was used in this study and stratified multistage random sampling method was used. A questionnaire survey was conducted in the childbearing-aged women during 2010-2013 in Shaanxi province. Propensity score (PS) matched (1∶1) analysis was used to match participants with diseases to those without disease in early pregnancy. Through the control of the confounders step by step, a logistic regression model was established to evaluate the ORs of congenital heart disease according to the independent variable of maternal disease.@*Results@#A total of 28 680 pairs of mothers and infants were included in this study, the proportion of the women with disease in early pregnancy was 20.25% (5 807). After PS matching, 5 436 pairs were matched. After adjusting all confounding factors, the multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that maternal disease (OR=1.86, 95%CI: 1.23-2.81), especially cold (OR=2.19, 95%CI: 1.46-3.28), gynecological disease (OR=4.74, 95%CI: 2.03-11.09) and diabetes (OR=14.00, 95%CI: 1.64-119.21), in early pregnancy were the risk factors for congenital heart disease of neonate.@*Conclusion@#In women of childbearing age, disease in early pregnancy, especially cold, gynecological disease and diabetes, can increase the risk of congenital heart disease in neonates.